WE, HIS MAJESTY'S MOST LOYAL SUBJECTS, the delegates of the several colonies of New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, the three lower counties of Newcastle, Kent and Sussex on Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina, deputed to represent them in a continental Congress, held in the city of Philadelphia, on the 5th day of September, 1774, avowing our allegiance to his majesty, our affection and regard for our fellow subjects in Great Britain and elsewhere, affected with the deepest anxiety, and most alarming apprehensions, at those grievances and distresses, with which his Majesty's American subjects are oppressed; and having taken under our most serious deliberation, the state of the whole continent, find, that the present unhappy situation of our affairs is occasioned by a ruinous system of colony administration, adopted by the British ministry about the year 1763, evidently calculated for enslaving these colonies, and, with them, the British Empire. In prosecution of which system, various acts of parliament have been passed, for raising a revenue in America, for depriving the American subjects, in many instances of the constitutional trial by jury, exposing their lives to danger, by directing a new and illegal trial beyond the seas, for crimes alleged to have been committed in America: And in prosecution of the same system, several late, cruel, and oppressive acts have been passed, respecting the town of Boston and the Massachusetts Bay, and also an act for extending the province of Quebec, so as to border on the western frontiers of these colonies, establishing an arbitrary government therein, and discouraging the settlement of British subjects in that wide extended country; thus, by the influence of civil principles and ancient prejudices, to dispose the inhabitants to act with hostility against the free Protestant colonies, whenever a wicked ministry shall chuse so to direct them.
To obtain redress of these grievances which threaten destruction to the lives, liberty, and property of his majesty's subjects in North America, we are of opinion, that a non importation, non consumption, and non exportation agreement, faithfully adhered to will prove the most speedy, effectual, and peaceable measure: And, therefore, we do for ourselves, and the inhabitants of the several colonies, whom we represent, firmly agree and associate, under the sacred ties of virtue honour and love of our country, as follows.
1.
That from and after the first day of December next, we will not import, into British
America, from Great Britain or Ireland, any goods, wares, or merchandize whatsoever, or
from any other place, any such goods, wares, or merchandise, as shall have been exported
from Great Britain or Ireland; nor will we, after that day, import any East India tea from
any part of the world; nor any molasses, syrups, paneles, coffee, or pimento from the
British plantations or from Dominica; nor wines from Madeira, or the Western Islands; nor
foreign indigo. 2.
We will neither import nor purchase, any slave imported after the first day of December
next; after which time, we will wholly discontinue the slave trade, and will neither be
concerned in it ourselves, nor will we hire our vessels, nor sell our commodities or
manufactures to those who are concerned in it. 3.
As a non consumption agreement strictly adhered to, will be an effectual security for the
observation of the non importation, we, as above, solemnly agree and associate, that from
this day, we will not purchase or use any tea, imported on account of the East India
company, or any on which a duty hath been or shall be paid; and from and after the first
day of March next, we will not purchase or use any East India tea whatever; nor will we,
nor shall any person for or under us, purchase or use any of those goods, wares, or
merchandize, we have agreed not to import, which we shall know, or have cause to suspect,
were imported after the first day of December, except such as come under the rules and
directions of the tenth article hereafter mentioned. 4.
The earnest desire we have not to injure our fellow subjects in Great Britain, Ireland, or
the West Indies, induces us to suspend a non exportation, until the tenth day of
September, 1775; at which time, if the said acts and parts of acts of the British
parliament herein after mentioned, are not repealed, we will not directly or indirectly,
export any merchandize or commodity whatsoever to Great Britain, Ireland, or the West
Indies, except rice to Europe. 5.
Such as are merchants, and use the British and Irish trade, will give orders, as soon as
possible, to their factors, agents and correspondents, in Great Britain and Ireland, not
to ship any goods to them, on any pretence whatsoever, as they cannot be received in
America; and if any merchant, residing in Great Britain or Ireland, shall directly or
indirectly ship any goods, wares or merchandize, for America, in order to break the said
non importation agreement, or in any manner contravene the same, on such unworthy conduct
being well attested, it ought to be made public; and, on the same being so done, we will
not, from thenceforth, have any commercial connexion with such merchant. 6.
That such as are owners of vessels will give positive orders to their captains, or
masters, not to receive on board their vessels any goods prohibited by the said non
importation agreement, on pain of immediate dismission from their service. 7.
We will use our utmost endeavours to improve the breed of sheep, and increase their number
to the greatest extent; and to that end, we will kill them as seldom as may be, especially
those of the most profitable kind; nor will we export any to the West Indies or elsewhere;
and those of us, who are or may become overstocked with, or can conveniently spare any
sheep, will dispose of them to our neighbours, especially to the poorer sort, on moderate
terms. 8.
We will, in our several stations, encourage frugality, œconomy, and industry, and
promote agriculture, arts and the manufactures of this country, especially that of wool;
and will discountenance and discourage every species of extravagance and dissipation,
especially all horse racing, and all kinds of gaming, cock fighting, exhibitions of shews,
plays, and other expensive diversions and entertainments; and on the death of any relation
or friend, none of us, or any of our families will go into any further mourning-dress,
than a black crepe or ribbon on the arm or hat, for gentlemen, and a black ribbon and
necklace for ladies, and we will discontinue the giving of gloves and scarves at funerals. 9.
Such as are venders of goods or merchandize will not take advantage of the scarcity of
goods, that may be occasioned by this association, but will sell the same at the rates we
have been respectively accustomed to do, for twelve months last past. —And if any
vender of goods or merchandize shall sell such goods on higher terms, or shall, in any
manner, or by any device whatsoever, violate or depart from this agreement, no person
ought, nor will any of us deal with any such person, or his or her factor or agent, at any
time thereafter, for any commodity whatever. 10.
In case any merchant, trader, or other person, shall import any goods or merchandize,
after the first day of December, and before the first day of February next, the same ought
forthwith, at the election of the owner, to be either re shipped or delivered up to the
committee of the country or town, wherein they shall be imported, to be stored at the
risque of the importer, until the non importation agreement shall cease, or be sold under
the direction of the committee aforesaid; and in the last mentioned case, the owner or
owners of such goods shall be reimbursed out of the sales, the first cost and charges, the
profit, if any, to be applied towards relieving and employing such poor inhabitants of the
town of Boston, as are immediate sufferers by the Boston port bill; and a particular
account of all goods so returned, stored, or sold, to be inserted in the public papers;
and if any goods or merchandizes shall be imported after the said first day of February,
the same ought forthwith to be sent back again, without breaking any of the packages
thereof. 11.
That a committee be chosen in every county, city, and town, by those who are qualified to
vote for representatives in the legislature, whose business it shall be attentively to
observe the conduct of all persons touching this association; and when it shall be made to
appear, to the satisfaction of a majority of any such committee, that any person within
the limits of their appointment has violated this association, that such majority do
forthwith cause the truth of the case to be published in the gazette; to the end, that all
such foes to the rights of British America may be publicly known, and universally
contemned as the enemies of American liberty; and thenceforth we respectively will break
off all dealings with him or her. 12.
That the committee of correspondence, in the respective colonies, do frequently inspect
the entries of their customhouses, and inform each other, from time to time, of the true
state thereof, and of every other material circumstance that may occur relative to this
association. 13.
That all manufactures of this country be sold at reasonable prices, so that no undue
advantage be taken of a future scarcity of goods. 14.
And we do further agree and resolve, that we will have no trade, commerce, dealings or
intercourse whatsoever, with any colony or province, in North America, which shall not
accede to, or which shall hereafter violate this association, but will hold them as
unworthy of the rights of freemen, and as inimical to the liberties of their country. And
we do solemnly bind ourselves and our constituents, under the ties aforesaid, to adhere to
this association, until such parts of the several acts of parliament passed since the
close of the last war, as impose or continue duties on tea, wine, molasses, syrups,
paneles, coffee, sugar, pimento, indigo, foreign paper, glass, and painters' colours,
imported into America, and extend the powers of the admiralty courts beyond their ancient
limits, deprive the American subject of trial by jury, authorize the judge's certificate
to indemnify the prosecutor from damages, that he might otherwise be liable to from a
trial by his peers, require oppressive security from a claimant of ships or goods seized,
before he shall be allowed to defend his property, are repealed.And
until that part of the act of the 12 G. 3. ch. 24, entitled "An act for the better
securing his majesty's dock yards, magazines, ships, ammunition, and stores," by
which any persons charged with committing any of the offences therein described, in
America, may be tried in any shire or county within the realm, is repealed—and until
the four acts, passed the last session of parliament, viz. that for stopping the port and
blocking up the harbour of Boston—that for altering the charter and government of the
Massachusetts Bay—and that which is entitled "An act for the better
administration of justice, &c."—and that "for extending the limits of
Quebec, &c." are repealed. And we recommend it to the provincial conventions, and
to the committees in the respective colonies, to establish such farther regulations as
they may think proper, for carrying into execution this association. The
foregoing association being determined upon by the Congress, was ordered to be subscribed
by the several members thereof; and thereupon, we have hereunto set our respective names
accordingly. IN CONGRESS, PHILADELPHIA,
October 20, 1774.
Signed, PEYTON RANDOLPH,
President.